Research

This Working Document analyses how digital and green and demographic transitions are reshaping the European labour market, with a focus on identifying future-oriented occupations, analysing workforce characteristics and assessing job quality and strain across sectors critical to the EU’s sustainable and inclusive growth.

This report examines labour mobility trends and workforce needs in store central to the EU’s green transition, highlighting the importance of equitable employment policies to ensure no worker is left behind towards climate neutrality.

This report examines the persistent digital skills gap faced by vocational education training (VET) graduates, emphasizing the need for a systemic shift un upskilling efforts to ensure long-term adaptability in the labour market.

This JRC report presents an in-depth analysis of 27 digital skills certification schemes used across EU member states, aiming to support the feasibility study for a European Digital Skills Certificate.

Trends Shaping Education is a triennial report exploring the social, technological, economic, environmental and political forces transforming education systems worldwide. The 2025 edition explores topics related to the key themes of global conflict and cooperation, work and progress, voices and storytelling, and bodies and minds.

Digital skills are key to a competitive, resilient and inclusive Europe. The rapid development of technology and its adoption in our economy requires that Europeans are digitally competent. Yet, 36% of European adults still lack basic digital skills...

The policy brief developed by CEDEFOP presents the first findings from Cedefop’s AI skills survey and discusses the impact of AI on labor markets, skills and jobs.

The OECD report analyses the need for education systems to adapt to the digital age by fostering advanced technical skills and addressing challenges

This study examines factors driving digital skills training in the EU, based on Cedefop’s European Skills and Jobs Survey.

This paper compares digital skills in the Western Balkans and the EU, emphasising their role in economic growth and productivity.